Mostly Bright with 30 Rivulus and 30 Acara:
The mostly bright guppies lowered in percentage as drab and even grew, and then the mostly bright came back to about 50%, the bright area at 45-50%, and each of the other guppy categories were reduced to 0%.
The bright guppies are speedily growing in population size, while the brightest are lowering speedily as well.
The bright practically rid the brightest guppy population from the simulation.
Now, the bright colored guppies have completely overrun the brightest, and currently, the population is 97% bright, and 3% drab.
100% of the guppy population is hereby bright.
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Questions:
1. If being flashy and colorful attracts predators, why do you think guppies are so colorful?
I think guppies are colorful to attract mates, as crickets use calls to attract mates as well. Sometimes, the guppies that are most colorful get eaten, but the ones that are colorful and a little bland usually don't get eaten and can mate. In the simulation, the bright guppies outlived all the others.
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2. After viewing the guppy gallery, pick the fish you find most interesting. What is the fish's scientific name, origin, and average size? Describe the coloration of the fish you choose.
Scientific name: Poecillia Reticulata
Origin: Brazil
Average Size: 1.4"(~3.5cm)
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3. After viewing the predator gallery, pick the fish you find most interesting. What's the fish's common name, scientific name, and origin?
Common Name: Tiger Fish
Scientific Name: Hoplias Malabaricus
Origin: Trinidad and Latin America
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4. View the guppy's habitats, what habitat condition would affect the predator populations?
Shallow pools prevent many predators from arriving to eat guppies, but small predators can still go into the area to eat their prey.
Dams prevent practically all predators from going to the areas and eating the guppies.
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5. Who is John Endler? What did he study and where did he study it?
John Endler was an evolutionary biologist. He studied Trinidad's wild guppies in Trinidad, of course.
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6. For each of the three stream areas, describe the guppy coloration:
Pool 1: Brightly multi-colored with large spots.
Pool 2: Medium coloration on body and tail, with medium sized spots.
Pool 3: Drab coloration, very small spots concentrated near tail.
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7. Develop your own hypothesis about guppy coloration. The hypothesis should answer these questions: Why do guppies in different areas of the stram have difference in coloration? (You can choose from the list on the simulation, or make up your own.)
Hypothesis: I believe that guppies higher in the stream are more colorful because there are less predators to be in the area. In the second level of the stream, the guppies are medium in color because more predators are in the area, and they must adapt more so that they are not eaten. In the lowest level of the stream, the guppies are very drab with barely any other flashy color so that predators are not attracted to the guppies.
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Trial 1: Even mix, 30 Rivulus
% of brightest: 63%
% of bright: 15%
% of drab: 19%
% of drabbest: 3%
Trial 2: Even mix, 30 Rivulus, 30 Acara
% of brightest: 46%
% of bright: 44%
% of drab: 9%
% of drabbest: 0%
Trial 3: Even mix, 30 Rivulus, 30 Acara, 30 Cichlid
% of brightest: 2%
% of bright: 2%
% of drab: 2%
% of drabbest: 94%
Trial 4: Mostly Bright, 30 Rivulus
% of brightest: 79%
% of bright: 13%
% of drab: 8%
% of drabbest: 0%
Trial 5: Mostly Drab, 30 Rivulus, 30 Acara, 30 Cichlid
% of brightest: 0%
% of bright: 2%
% of drab: 11%
% of drabbest: 86%
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Summary:
8. Describe how predators influence guppy coloration.
Guppy coloration is changed with the amount of predators in the area, and how many types of predators there are. If there are lots of predators and types, the guppies would be drab, but if there were just some rivulus, guppies may be colorful.
9. Was your hypothesis correct, use your data to justify your answer.
With the tests that had high amounts of predators, the guppies were more drab than bright, proving my hypothesis correct. With more predators, there must be more adaptation.
10. What does it mean that "male guppies live in crossfire between their enemies and their would be mates"?
It means that they are living in a tough situation. Predators can easily find bright and colorful guppies, but the guppies need to be colorful to attract mates.
11. Why do you think guppies in different areas of the stream have different coloration?
I think guppies have different coloration in different areas because of their environment, and what females prefer what colors. Of course, in certain areas there may be more or less predators and different kinds of them.
12. What would happen to mostly drab guppies that were placed in a stream with very few predators?
The guppies might evolve to become brighter, or they would have a high population size without having to worry about predators.
13. What would happen to brightly colored guppies that were placed in a stream with many predators?
The guppies would have to adapt and evolve so that they would not all die off. Also, the bright guppies would become drab.
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